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951.
The Miocene Tanzawa plutonic complex, consisting mainly of tonalite intrusions, is exposed at the northern end of the Izu–Bonin – Mariana (IBM) arc system as a consequence of collision with the Honshu Arc. The Tanzawa plutonic rocks belong to the calc-alkaline series and exhibit a wide range of chemical variation, from 43 to 75 wt% SiO2 . They are characterized by relatively high Ba/Rb and Ce/Nb ratios, and low abundances of K2 O, LIL elements, and rare earth elements (REE). Their petrographic and geochemical features indicate derivation from an intermediate parental magma through crystal fractionation and accumulation processes, involving hornblende, plagioclase, and magnetite. The Tanzawa plutonic complex is interpreted to be the exposed middle crust of the IBM arc, which was uplifted during the collision. The mass balance calculations, combining data from melting experiments of hydrous basaltic compositions at lower-to-middle crustal levels, suggest that parental magma and ultramafic restite were generated by dehydration partial melting (∼ 45% melting) of amphibolite chemically similar to low-K tholeiitic basalt. Partial melting of hydrated mafic lower crust might play an important role in felsic middle-crust formation in the IBM arc. 相似文献
952.
A magnetic anomaly map of the northern part of the Philippine Sea plate shows two conspicuous north–south rows of long-wavelength anomalies over the Izu–Ogasawara (Bonin) arc, which are slightly oblique to the present volcanic front. These anomalies are enhanced on reduced-to-pole and upward-continued anomaly maps. The east row is associated with frontal arc highs (the Shinkurose Ridge), and the west row is accompanied by the Nishi-Shichito Ridge. Another belt of long-wavelength anomalies very similar to the former two occurs over the Kyushu–Palau Ridge. To explain the similarity of the magnetic anomalies, it is proposed that after the spreading of the Shikoku Basin separated the Izu–Ogasawara arc from the Kyushu–Palau Ridge, another rifting event occurred in the Miocene, which divided the Izu–Ogasawara arc into the Nishi-Shichito and Shinkurose ridges. The occurrence of Miocene rifting has also been suggested from the geology of the collision zone of the Izu–Ogasawara arc against the Southwest Japan arc: the Misaka terrain yields peculiar volcanic rocks suggesting back-arc rifting at ~ 15 Ma. The magnetic anomaly belts over the Izu–Ogasawara arc do not extend south beyond the Sofugan Tectonic Line, suggesting a difference in tectonic history between the northern and southern parts of the Izu–Ogasawara arc. It is estimated that the Miocene extension was directed northeast–southwest, utilizing normal faults originally formed during Oligocene rifting. The direction is close to the final stage of the Shikoku Basin spreading. On a gravity anomaly relief map, northeast–southwest lineaments can be recognized in the Shikoku Basin as well as over the Nishi-Shichito Ridge. We thus consider that lines of structural weakness connected transform faults of the Shikoku Basin spreading system and the transfer faults of the Miocene Izu–Ogasawara arc rifting. Volcanism on the Nishi-Shichito Ridge has continued along the lines of weakness, which could have caused the en echelon arrangement of the volcanoes. 相似文献
953.
Shennan Ian Tooley Michael Green Frances Innes Jim Kennington Kevin Lloyd Jeremy Rutherford Mairead 《Geologie en Mijnbouw》1998,77(3-4):247-262
Analyses of geomorphologically contrasting sites in Morar, NW Scotland, describe the forcing mechanisms of coastal change. Isolation basins (i.e. basins behind rock sills and now isolated from the sea following isostatic uplift) accumulated continuous marine and freshwater sediments from c.12 to 2 ka BP. Raised dune, marsh and wetland sites register breaching, migration and stability of dunes from c. 9 to 2 ka BP. High-resolution methods designed to address issues of macroscale and microscale sea-level changes and patterns of storminess include 1-mm sampling for pollen, dinocyst and diatom analyses, infra-red photography, X-ray photography and thin-section analysis. The data enhance the record of relative sea-level change for the area. Major phases of landward migration of the coast occurred during the period of low sea-level rise in the mid-Holocene as the rate of rise decreased from c. 3 to < 1 mm/year. Relative sea-level change controls the broad pattern of coastal evolution at each site; local site-specific factors contribute to short-term process change. There is no record of extreme events such as tsunami. Within a system of dynamic metastable equilibrium, the Holocene records show that site-specific factors determine the exact timing of system breakdown, e.g. dune breaching, superimposed on regional sea-level rise. The global average sea-level rise of 3 to 6 mm/yr by AD 2050 predicted by IPCC would only partly be offset in the Morar area by isostatic uplift of about 1 mm/yr. A change from relative sea-level fall to sea-level rise, in areas where the regional rate of uplift no longer offsets global processes, is a critical factor in the management of coastal resources. 相似文献
954.
小江断裂带中段晚新生代构造盆地演化阶段 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
小江断裂带中段的盆地可以划分三个阶段,即N2-Q1,Q2末-Q3初和Q3-Q4。这些盆地受小江断裂带左旋走滑运动控制。 相似文献
955.
Mechanism and Modes of Microbial Minerogenesis of Polymetallic Nodules on the Ocean Floor 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
YAN Baorui ZHANG Xigen LIANG Dehu XU Dongyu LIU Yifen ZHANG Wei Institute of Hydro geology Engineering Geology MGMR Shigang Street Shijiazhuang Hebei Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey MGMR Guangzhou Institute of Marine Geology MGMR P. O. Box Qingdao Shandong 《《地质学报》英文版》1998,72(3):282-290
This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the relations of the occurrence of polymetallic nodules with the geochemical actions of microbes in the seawater, pore water and sediments at the bottom of the eastern Pacific Ocean basin. Emphasis is laid on the relations of the activity intensity and biochemical transformation rate of aerobic bacteria (iron bacteria, Thiobacillus thioparus, halobacteria and manganese-oxidizing bacteria) and anaerobic bacteria (sulphate-reducing bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, Thiobacillus denitrificans) with mineralization. The experimental research on the migration and accumulation of ore-forming elements caused by microbial and chemical actions shows that the microbes have changed the conditions of oxidation and reduction in the system, and their effect on the element precipitation is much stronger than the chemical actions and accelerates the enrichment of Fe and Mn. It demonstrates that the microbes can change the environment to promote the accumulation of ore-formin 相似文献
956.
重庆玉峡锶矿床中分散元素锶的超常富集机制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
朱创业 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1998,(4)
重庆玉峡锶矿床位于华蓥山构造带的南段。含矿岩系为下三叠统嘉陵江组二段一亚段的含藻含膏白云岩,含矿层位自下而上有三个矿层。矿层呈似层状、透镜状赋存于西山背斜北段的背斜转折端及相邻两翼的层间虚脱部位。矿石矿物有天青石、菱锶矿、钡天青石,脉石矿物为白云石、... 相似文献
957.
松辽盆地西南部层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿找矿方向 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:15
松辽盆地西南部层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿找矿方向赵忠华刘广传崔长远(核工业东北地质局240研究所,沈阳110032)关键词开鲁盆地层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿找矿松辽盆地西南部系指内蒙古自治区哲里木盟及昭乌达盟所辖地区,西临大兴安岭,南依辽西山地,面积约60000... 相似文献
958.
根据岩石薄片、X衍射和扫描电镜分析资料,本文研究了巴州坳陷下白垩统—中侏罗统粘土矿物特征,发现粘土矿物分为伊利石、伊/蒙混层和绿泥石三种类型。粘土矿物的类型和含量随深度而变化,形成了伊/蒙混层带、混层迅速转化带和伊利石带。粘土矿物的转化和自生粘土矿物的形成是沉积地层非常重要的成岩变化。 相似文献
959.
黄县早第三纪断陷盆地充填特征及层序划分 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
黄县早第三纪断陷盆地充填沉积序列共划分出三个层序(三级层序),层序Ⅰ不完整,层序Ⅱ和层序Ⅲ皆由低位体系域、扩张体系域和萎缩体系域三个基本单位构成。层序界面主要有区域构造运动界面和盆地构造应力转换面体系域转换界面两种类型。聚煤作用、油气聚集主要发生在盆地低水位至扩张期,低水位和扩张体系域含有主要的煤层和油气母岩(生油岩)。 相似文献
960.